Can pollen provision mitigate competition interactions between three phytoseiid predators of Tetranychus urticae under future climate change conditions?

Biological control can be severely disrupted by hot and dry environmental conditions associated with climate change. These may alter the food web configuration of arthropod communities through their effects on species interactions. They could disrupt competition between phytoseiid predators Euseius stipulatus, Neoseiulus californicus, Phytoseiulus persimilis, which are key natural enemies Tetranychus urticae in citrus Spain. Because provision alternative compensate for such a situation, we studied laboratory whether pollen supply modify among these predatory under different climatic conditions. Our results show that access to high-quality enhance performance E. stipulatus N. californicus. However, when phytoseiids considered our study were forced compete, had contrasting depending competing pair. Overall, change did not affect predation was available. Predation, though, lower than expected except pair P. persimilis stipulatus. Therefore, partially mitigate adverse some biological parameters three main T. system. This has important implications future success pest control.